INTRODUCTION

Endotoxins are complex lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and are the major cell wall components in all Gram-negative bacteria. LPS has two components: polysaccharide and lipid A. Lipid A is a glucosamine-based phospholipid that is responsible for the endotoxic properties of LPS because it stimulates the production of inflammatory mediators. E. coli LPS binds to Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on macrophages, stimulating production of TNF alpha and also stimulates expression of E-selectin on endothelial cells.

BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS

Purity:

DNA content 1%

Protein content 1.5%

See product information sheet for Mass Spec and biologic activity